Synthesis of spatial automatic operators with the aid of Electronic Digital ComputersCинтec пp;ocтpaнcтвeннoгo aвтooпepaтopa пpи пoмoщи эцвм

This paper deals with the synthesis of a spatial 4-link mechanism with two kinematic revolute pairs, a spherical pair and a spherical pair with a latch, using the Rosenbrock method of optimization.Several variants are considered according to various rhythms of the tracing of a point on the coupler along the traced curve. The digital data obtained during the synthesis of the mechanism was displayed on the “Mir-2” Electronic Digital Computer.     

Enabling differentiated services using generalized power control model in optical networks

This paper considers a generalized framework to study OSNR optimization-based end-to-end link level power control problems in optical networks. We combine favorable features of game-theoretical approach and central cost approach to allow different service groups within the network. We develop solutions concepts for both cases of empty and nonempty feasible sets. In addition, we derive and prove the convergence of a distributed iterative algorithm for different classes of users. In the end, we use numerical examples to illustrate the novel framework.     

Design and performance analysis of a nanoscaled inverter based on wrap-aroundgate nanowire MOSFETs

The design and analysis of a silicon nanowire inverter with a wrap-around-gate nMOS is presented and its performance is compared with that of a conventional inverter. The analysis shows that the nano-channel structure design can improve carrier mobility by suppressing the transverse component of the electric field. This results in an enhancement in the current drive of the nMOS, and contributes to lowering power consumption and the switching delay. Simulated power consumption and rise time of the proposed design was found to be about 20 μW and 0.5 ns, respectively, compared with 2.5 mW and 1.5 ns achievable with conventional planar MOSFETs. Investigation of the gate length shows that a nMOS with shorter gates have an improved switching response compared with long channel devices.     

Electrode position scaling in realistic laplacian computation

This note discusses the effects of the electrode position scaling on the realistic Laplacian (RL) computation. It is shown that when the RL is estimated with the help of Tikhonov regularization and the generalized cross-validation (GCV) criterion, improper electrode position scaling may influence the GCV criterion, which results in the decrease of RL precision. We identify what the proper scaling should be, and we provide a closer examination of how the GCV criterion is affected by the electrode position scaling.      

Shotgun protein sequencing by tandem mass spectra assembly

The analysis of mass spectrometry data is still largely based on identification of single MS/MS spectra and does not attempt to make use of the extra information available in multiple MS/MS spectra from partially or completely overlapping peptides. Analysis of MS/MS spectra from multiple overlapping peptides opens up the possibility of assembling MS/MS spectra into entire proteins, similarly to the assembly of overlapping DNA reads into entire genomes. In this paper, we present for the first time a way to detect, score, and interpret overlaps between uninterpreted MS/MS spectra in an attempt to sequence entire proteins rather than individual peptides. We show that this approach not only extends the length of reconstructed amino acid sequences but also dramatically improves the quality of de novo peptide sequencing, even for low mass accuracy MS/MS data.     

Fourier classification images in cardiac nuclear medicine

At present, the diagnosis of cardiac left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) in nuclear medicine is aided mainly by phase images and amplitude images, which picture the spatial distribution of the phase and of the amplitude of the first harmonics of pixel time activity curves, respectively. However, they do not utilize other information contained in the original radionuclide images, and they do not offer a direct diagnostic interpretation of the data. The proposed Fourier classification images (FCI) overcome these deficiencies. Their pixel intensities express directly the diagnostic class of RWMA. The FCI pixel intensities are functions of pixel coordinates, Fourier features of pixel time activity curves, and their distribution parameters, and they are not limited by the first harmonics model. The derivation of the pixel classifier includes normalization transformation of coordinates and activities. Fourier analysis of raw image data, and teaching the computer by examples of already diagnosed cases with the help of discriminant analysis. FCI offer direct and robust diagnosis of RWMA, superior to that derived from phase and amplitude images, especially in the detection of mild RWMA.     

0.18μm铜金属双重镶嵌工艺中空间成像套刻精度分析

由于空间成像套刻(Overlay)技术的预算随集成电路(IC)设计规范的紧缩而吃紧,因此,Overlay测量技术准确度的重要意义也随之提高。通过对后开发(AfterDevelopDI)阶段和后蚀刻(AfterEtchFI)阶段的Overlay测量结果进行比较,研究了0.18μm设计规范下的铜金属双重镶嵌工艺过程中的Overlay准确度。在确保对同一个晶圆进行后开发(DI)阶段和后蚀刻(FI)阶段测试的条件下,我们对成品晶圆的5个工艺层进行了比较。此外,还利用CD-SEM(线宽-扫描电子显微镜)测量了某个工艺层(PolyGate)上的芯片内Overlay,并与采用分割线方法的光学Overlay测量结果进行了比较。发现对芯片内overlay的校准存在着严重的局限性,即在应用CD-SEM时缺乏合适的结构进行Overlay测量。我们还将继续为大家提供定量的比较结果,同时也会向大家推荐组合的CD-SEM测量结构,使其能够被应用到今后的光刻设计中。     

Transient thermo-reflectance measurements of the thermal conductivity and interface resistance of metallized natural and isotopically-pure silicon

The transient thermoreflectance method has been used to measure the thermal conductivity of natural silicon and isotopically-pure silicon-28 layers that are epitaxially grown on natural silicon substrates. The measurements were performed at room temperature for both a low level (10¹⁶) and a higher level (2×10¹⁹) of Boron doping of the epitaxial layers. The results indicate a gain of approximately 55% in the thermal conductivity of Si²⁸ as compared to that of natural Si, at both low and higher levels of doping, and a loss of approximately 19% for both types of silicon due to the higher level of doping.